![]() Confocal microscopy showed that DMNA induced free radical generation mainly in the cytosol. DMNA induced free radical generation, LDH release and morphological changes in HepG2 cells whereas aniline, NB and DMA did not. Free radicals were detected by immuno-spin trapping (IST) in in-cell western experiments or in confocal microscopy experiments to determine the subcellular localization of free radical generation. Cytotoxicity was assessed using lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assays and morphological changes were observed using phase contrast microscopy. In this study, we evaluated the ability of four environmental chemicals, aniline, nitrosobenzene (NB), N,N-dimethylaniline (DMA) and N,N-dimethyl-4-nitrosoaniline (DMNA), to induce free radicals and cellular damage in the hepatoma cell line HepG2. Therefore, it is important to identify chemicals which are capable of inducing oxidative stress. Oxidative stress can induce the generation of free radicals, which are believed to play an important role in both physiological and pathological processes and a number of diseases such as cancer. Horinouchi, Yuya Summers, Fiona A Ehrenshaft, Marilyn Kawazoe, Kazuyoshi Tsuchiya, Koichiro Tamaki, Toshiaki Mason, Ronald P Investigating free radical generation in HepG2 cells using immuno-spin trapping. ![]()
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